WHAT IS SELECTIVE ANTIBODY DEFICIENCY (SAD)?

Selective Antibody Deficiency (SAD) is an immune deficiency where patients with normal blood levels of immunoglobulins are unable to produce new antibodies to fight off specific bacteria-induced respiratory infections.

WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS?

Recurring infection in the ears, sinuses, bronchi or lungs is an indication that you may have SAD.

HOW IS IT DIAGNOSED?

Total immunoglobulins, IgG subclasses, and antibody titers to specific bacteria such as tetanus, diphtheria and Streptococcus pneumonia are measured in the blood. To test the responsiveness to infection, adults may be immunized with a pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine. The presence of antibody titers to 23 strains of bacteria will be measured four to six weeks later. Adults that develop antibodies to less than 70% of the strains receive a diagnosis of mild to moderate SAD. The production of no new antibodies to the strains tested is indicative of a severe form of SAD. For accurate analysis of the data from these tests, a complete history of vaccines, flu shots and previous immunoglobulin infusions must be obtained.

WHAT ARE THE TREATMENT OPTIONS?

Treatment for recurrent infections is critical to prevent permanent damage to the ears, such as hearing loss, or chronic lung disease. Antibiotics may be used for treatment as well as for the prevention of infections. Patients that do not respond to antibiotic care may be considered for Ig Replacement Therapy. These are infusions of Ig immunoglobulins from human donors that may boost the immune response to infections. Your Gateway Asthma & Allergy Relief doctor will advise you on the best option for your care.